The scientists noticed that when the pusher fluid, which contains long-chain polymers, was pumped into the ground above a certain rate, it seemed to unexpectedly become much more viscous, or sticky, an effect later found in many similar systems.

But in a paper published in January in Nature Biomedical Engineering, researchers from Washington University in St. Louis reported catching ISF biomarkers with disposable microneedle patches and measuring them up to about 800 times more sensitively than comparable biomarker tests.

As Mesplé pushed his experiments with ferrofluids further, he found himself wanting the stuff to jump distances, as it does by flowing into the Killing Time skull’s mouth.Like that one time Mesplé tested a particularly powerful magnet with a crescent wrench.

Lewis outfitted the participants with an EEG cap so she could look at the electrical currents flowing through their brains.“It’s a fantastic paper,” says Maiken Nedergaard, a neuroscientist at the University of Rochester who led the 2013 study that first described how sleep can clear out toxins in mice.

This new robotic lionfish does indeed have batteries, but they are sprinkled throughout its body and operate in conjunction with two pumps—one for powering the pectoral fins and the other for the tail.

Not only that it has changed, but that Microsoft has evolved its strategy during a time when some of its top competitors are selling you on software that locks you in—platforms that are so closed that “AOL will feel like a very open world compared to the kind of worlds that both Android and iOS have built,” Nadella says.

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